Bhagavad Gita, Chapter 10, Verse 4
बुद्धिर्ज्ञानमसम्मोहः क्षमा सत्यं दमः शमः । सुखं दुःखं भवोऽभावो भयं चाभयमेव च
buddhirjñānamasammohaḥ kṣamā satyaṃ damaḥ śamaḥ | sukhaṃ duḥkhaṃ bhavo'bhāvo bhayaṃ cābhayameva ca
Translation
Intelligence, wisdom, non-illusion, patience, truth, self-restraint, calmness, pleasure, pain, birth, death, fear, and security; innocence, equanimity, contentment, austerity, beneficence, fame, shame; (these) different kinds of dispositions of beings arise from Me alone.
— Alladi Mahadeva Sastri
Word meanings
- buddhiḥ
- reason
- jñānam
- wisdom
- asammohaḥ
- non-illusion
- kṣamā
- forgiveness
- satyam
- truth
- damaḥ
- self-restraint
- śamaḥ
- calmness
- sukham
- pleasure
- duḥkham
- pain
- bhavaḥ
- existence
- abhāvaḥ
- non-existence
- bhayam
- fear
- ca
- and
- abhayam
- fearlessness
- eva
- even
- ca
- and
Śaṅkarācārya's commentary
Intelligence (buddhi) is the power which the inner sense (antaḥ-karaṇa) has of understanding subtle objects of thought. Wisdom is the knowledge of the Self and other such things. Non-illusion consists in acting with discrimination when any thing has to be done or known at the moment. Patience: not being agitated in mind when assaulted or abused. Truth: giving utterance to one's own actual experience of things, as heard or seen, with a view to impress it on the mind of another. Self-restraint: quieting the external senses. Calmness: the tranquillity of the inner sense or antaḥ-karaṇa.